(a) State two each of (i) climatic, (ii) biotic and (iii) edaphic factors affecting distribution and production of crops a animals in your country. (b) State three climatic and two soil requirements for optimum production of each of ya and tomatoes.
Explanation
(a) Factors affecting distribution and production of Crops and animals are: (i) Climatic Factors: rainfall, temperature, light, wind, relative humidity. (ii) Biotic Factors: predators, parasites, soil micro - organisms, pests, diseases or disease organisms. (iii) Edaphic Factors : soil Ph, soil texture, soil structure, topography, soil fertility or soil organic matter and soil type.
(b)(i) Climatic requirement for optimum production of yam and tomatoes are: Yams: temperature range of 25°C - 30°C, rainfall of at least 1500mm / annum - evenly distributed rainfall (throughout growing season), high relative humidity.
Tomatoes:- moderate rainfall of about 900 - 1500mm / annum, temperature range of 18°C - 29°C low relative humudity.
(ii) Soil requirements : Yams:- well drained soils, loamy soils / alluvial soils, fertile or rich soils, must be rich in potassium.
Tomatoes:- well drained soils sandy - loam soils, slightly acidic soils, high organic matter content, very rich in potassium and phoshorus