(a) Describe the construction of a fish pond (b) State eight measures necessary for the efficient operation of an egg incubator.
Explanation
(a) Construction of a fish pond:
(i) choose a suitable site
(ii) clear the site of vegetation and stump if necessary
(iii) mark out pond area
(iv) dig out pond to the required depth (1 - 7m)
(v) pond bottom should slop towards the outlet to help drainage during harvesting
(vi) make provision for a harvesting trough at the deepest end of pond
(vii) construct drainage system consisting of outlets and ditches
(viii) construct the water inlet at the shallow end and above the water level
(ix) construct the pond walls using a mixture of clay and sand
(x) seal the pond bottom with clay and firm the side walls
(xi) grass the embarkment to prevent soil erosion
(xii) construct a dyke around the pond mouth to prevent the inflow of run-off water into it.
(xiii) Fence pond with net to keep off pests.
(b) Measures for the efficient operation of an egg incubator:
(i) maintain the right temperature during incubation
(ii) test run the incubator before you set eggs inside.
(iii) maintain the right RH during incubation
(iv) allow for adequate ventilation of incubator room
(v) constant supply of oxygen in the incubator should be ensured.
(vi) create vents for the escape of CO² from incubator
(vii) a regular power supply to the incubator
(viii) place incubator away from walls
(ix) candle eggs progressively
(x) fumigate incubator before setting eggs
(xi) incubator should be handled by trained and experienced personnel