Observe specimens H, l, J, and K carefully.
(a) State one method of propagation of each of the specimens
(b) State four advantages of staking the crop which specimen I is obtained.
(c) Name the toxic substance present in specimen H and give two methods of reducing it
(d) Describe the processing of specimen H into garri.
Explanation
(a) Method of propagation of the specimens:
- Specimen H- stem cutting.
- Specimen I- seed yam or yam seeds,
- Specimen J - tuber, stem cutting/vine.
- Specimen K - rhizome.
(b) Advantages of staking in the production specimen I (Yam tuber):
- Staking is essential for good yields.
- Stakes give support to the climbing vines.
- Exposes the leaves for good interception of sunshine/photosynthesis.
- Minimizes damage to the vine
- Creates more room for farmer to carry out cultural practices.
- Good air circulation.
- Permits easy movement of the farmer in the farm.
- Prevents transmission of soil pathogens to leaves through rain splash.
(c) Toxic substance present in specimen H:
- HCN/Cyanogenetic glycoside/prussic acid.
Methods or reducing the toxic substance
- Boiling
- Sun-drying
- Fermentation
- Grating
- Frying
- Roasting
- Soaking
(d) Description of the processing of specimen H into garri:
- Get raw cassava tubers.
- Peel the tubers with knife
- Wash the peeled tubers
- Grate the peeled tubers with a grater
- Put the grated cassava into sacks
- Screw press or ferment the grated tubers for 3 days
- Sift the fermented material
- Fry the fermented material into garri
- Sift the fried garri again into fine or coarse forms
- Bag the garri