(a) What is communal land tenure system? (2 marks)
(b) State two objectives of each of the following agricultural development programmes: (i) farm settlement schemes; (ii) river basin authorities (iii) agricultural development projects. (6 marks)
(c) (i) Distinguish between farm machinery and farm implements. (2 marks)
(ii) Give six examples each of farm machinery and farm implements (6 marks)
Explanation
(a) Meaning of communal land tenure system: This is a system in which all the land is regarded as property of the community and held in trust for all members by the accepted head of the community.
(b) Objectives of Agricultural Development Programmes:
(i) Farm settlement schemes:
-To reduce the rate of unemployment among school leavers.
- To make farming attractive to the youth.
-. To teach settlers modern farming practices.
- To develop rural infrastructure including shelter, thus making the rural areas more attractive.
- To reduce rural-urban migration.
- To improve yields and harvest of the settlers thus contributing to Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
-To improve the efficiency of extension agents due to concentration of efforts and facilities.
- To extend its multiplier effects to the surrounding farmers who may visit the settlers of the scheme to learn new techniques (technologies) of farming.
- To solve the problem of land tenure system.
(ii) River Basin Authorities:
- To provide irrigation and drainage facilities through construction of dams and drainage channels all year round for agricultural production.
- To assist in bringing more land under cultivation.
- To increase the total output per farmer with increased net revenue returns.
- To construct feeder roads for project sites to ensure good transportation.
- To improve rural infrastructure generally, thus reducing rural-urban migration.
-To help in the construction of fish ponds to enhance distribution of fingerlings to farmers.
(iii) Agricultural Development Projects:
-To boost agricultural production through the construction of farm service centres for efficient distribution of agricultural inputs.
- To help in construction of rural infrastructure such as feeder roads and earth dams.
-To increase level of extension contact with farmers.
- To bring agricultural services closer to the people in the rural areas.
- To source for and make farm inputs available to farmers.
- To help in the reclamation of degraded agricultural lands.
(c)(i) Distinguish between farm machinery and farm implements: Farm machine devices which are hitched/hooked/attached/connected/mounted onto a machine to accomplish a specific objective/operation on the farm.
(ii) Examples of far implements: Farm mach:machinery and farm Sheller, Dryer, Milling machine, Incubator, Tree puller' Mistblower/Motorised sprayer, Combine harvester: Lawn awn mower Power tiller, Motorised slasher.
Farm Implements: Plough Harrow, Planter/seed drill, Slasher, Baler, Cultivator, Broadcaster (seed/fertilizer), Boom sprayer, Knapsack sprayer, Combined drill' Ridger