a)(i) ldentify specimens R. (1 mark)
(ii) State two disadvantages of using specimen R in poultry house. (2 marks)
(iii) State two precautions to be taken when using specimen R (2 marks)
(iv) List two ways of maintaining specimen R. (2 marks)
(v) Name two devices that can be used in place of using specimen R in a poultry house. (2 marks)
(b) A farmer observed that ten of the sows on the pig farm had reddened and swollen vulvas with whitish mucus discharge. The sows also made undue noise and P mounted one another. Use the information to answer the questions that follow:
(i) What do the observed signs in the sows indicate? (1 mark)
(ii) Assuming the farmer serviced a sow on 1st March, 2012, state the date the farmer should expect the sow to farrow. (2 marks)
(ii) List three preparations that the farmer should make in the farrowing pen before the sow farrows. (3 marks)
Explanation
{a)(i) identification of Specimen R
- Specimen R - Lantern/Hurricane lamp
(ii) Disadvantages of using specimen R (Lantern/ Hurricane Lamp) in poultry house
- It pollutes the air due to the emission of carbon monoxide/soot.
- Can lead to a fire outbreak if tripped over by birds.
- Birds may be trapped between the space/handle and the tank of the lantern and this might lead to death.
- High cost of fuel.
(iii) Precautions to be taken when using specimen R(Lantern/Hurricane Lamp) in poultry house
- Ensure that lantern is placed ín a raised position to avoid being tripped over by the birds.
- Ensure that the fuel tank is securely locked.
- Ensure that a little quantity of kerosene/fuel is put inside the tank at any time.
- Provide a protective guard around the lantern to avoid birds perching on it/coming into contact with
- it Regulates the light to reduce the emission of carbon monoxide/soot.
- Ensure there is no leakage of kerosene.
(iv) Ways of maintaining specimen R (Lantern/ Hurricane Lamp)
- Clean the glass/shade regularly,
- Remove deposit of soot at the upper end of the chimney.
- Wash the fuel chamber/tank to get rid of sediments.
- Wash and dry the wick when it is too dirty for good heat generation.
- Replace old wick regularly.
- Clean the metal part of any form of feaces to avoid rusting.
- Do not allow the lantern to be placed in a wet or
(V) Devices that can be used in place of specimen damp environment to prevent rusting. R (Lantern/Hurricane Lamp) in poultry house
- Electric bulbs
- Stoves
- Heaters
(b)(i) Observed signs in the sows indicated: Heat / oestrus
(ii) The farmer should expect the sows to farrow on: 25th June 2012 (+/-2 days)
(iii) Preparations to make in the farrowing pen before the sows farrow:
- Clean the farrowing pen.
- Keep the environment dry.
- Disinfect pen about 6 - 7 days before farrowing.
- Provide good and clean litter.
- Provide enough space to accommodate the farrowing process.
- Provide farrowing crates if available
- Provide creep feed.
- Fencing for biosecurity.
- Allow her to get accustomed to her new
- Provision of adequate feed to prevent cannibalism (the sow from eating the litters) surroundings and settle down