(a) Describe the life cycle of the variegated grasshopper.
(b) List five ways through which diseases are spread on crop farms.
(c) List six characteristics of a good layer.
Explanation
a)Description of life cycle of the variegated grasshopper
-Adults male and female mate
-The female lays eggs underneath leaves
-The eggs hatch into nymphs around October/onset of dry season
- During the fourth instar stage, they migrate into the farm and continue to feed on leaves up to the adult stage
- It undergoes incomplete metamorphosis.
(b) Ways through which diseases are spread on crop farms
- Harbouring of pathogens by weeds
- Contaminated irrigation water
- Rain splash
- Insect vectors/pest infestation
- Use of infected planting materials Wind dispersal of pathogens
- Use of contaminated tools equipment
- Uncontrolled movement of visitors to the farm
- Animal dispersal of pathogens especially during feeding
- Dews
- Soil/soil borne pathogens
(c) Characteristics of a good layer
- Presence of short beak
- Large, bright red comb
- Soft and pliable abdomen
- Broad breast bone
- Broad and square head
- Large, oval, moist, warm and smooth vent
- Glossy plumage/feather
- Bright eyes
- Smooth and lean face
- Absence of cannibalistic behaviours
- Broad, flexible pelvic bones
- Dilating cloaca - Soft