Study specimen J (Soldier ants),K (Weaver bird) and L (Weevil) and answer the questions that follows
(a)(i) State two harmful effects of each of specimens J, K, and L in livestock production.
(ii) State two ways of controlling each of the specimen J, K and L on livestock farms.
(b) Mention three other storage pests in farm animal production.
Explanation
(a)(i) Harmful effects of specimens J, K and L in livestock production
Specimen J (Soldier ants); (I) Consumption of feed (II) Cause discomfort/injury/irritation/restlessness (III) Reduce the quality of stored feed (IV) Contaminate/reduce water quality (V) Destroys pasture/vegetation (VI) Could kill farm animals (VII) Reduces the quality of animal hide/fur
Specimen K (Weaver bird); (I) Consumption of feed/feedstuff (II) Contaminate feed with droppings (III) Contaminate/pollute water with droppings (IV) Vectors/carriers of diseases/pathogens (V) Farm animals are disturbed by their presence (VI) Droppings may contaminate farm equipment (VII) Destroys oasture/vegetation (VIII) Reduces the quality of yields.
Specimen L (weevil); (I) Consumes feed/feedstuffs (II) Reduces nutrients in field (III) It reduces viability of pasture seeds (IV) It causes contamination of feed.
(ii) Methods of Controlling Specimen J, K and L
Specimen J (Soldier ant); (I) Use of fire/smoke (II) Application of common salt (III) Use of hot water (IV) Application of insecticides/ant trap/kerosene/spent engine oil (V) Destruction of ant hil/colony (VI) Construction of channels/sticky barriers/repellant (VII) Blocking of holes and crevices on walls and floors (VIII) Maintain high level of hygiene (IX) Hand picking
Specimen K (Weaver bird); (I) Use of avicide/poison (II) Use of scare crows (III) Use of traps (IV) Hunting/shooting/catapulting (V) Drumming/noise making on the farm
Specimen L (Weevil); (I) Use of insecticide (II) Handpicking (III) Application of heat/roasting/boiling (IV) Drying of feed and feedstuffs (V) Use of repellant e.g dried pepper.
(b) Storage pests of farm animals; (i) Cockroach (ii) termite (iii) Rat/Rodent/wild rabbit (iv) Bettle (v) Wasp (vi) Mould/fungi (vii) Nematodes