a) (i) State Five benefits of keeping bees
(ii) Outline the steps involved in establishing an apiary
b) (i) State Five ways of enhancing the productivity of a pig farm
(ii) State Five management practices that are carried out on piglets from birth to weaning
Explanation
(a) (i) Benefits of keeping bees;
- Honey production/food
- Employment/job creation
- Prevention of extinction of bees
- For research / education
- Kept for protection/security/defense
- Kept as hobby/leisure
- Bee sting is medicinal
- Source of foreign exchange
- Bees are pollinating agents of crops -
- Source of raw materials/propolis/wax/royal jelly
- Income generation/high marketability
- Biodiversity/maintenance of ecosystem
(ii) Steps involved in establishing an apiary;
- Site selection/identification of a suitable location=
- Clearing of the site/create a stand
- Installation of beehive/set up a beehive
- Bait the beehive/stock the beehive with bees
- Inspection for colonization/rebaiting/restocking
- Set up warning signs
(b) (i) Ways of enhancing the productivity of a pig farm;
- Ensure proper sanitation
- Minimize food wastage
- Give good quality feed/balanced
- Pest control
- Ensure proper record keeping
- Rear good quality breeds
- Provision of adequate water
- Brooding of piglets
- Regular deworming
- Provision of good housing
- Provision of wallowing facility
- Vaccination
- Training of farm workers
- Control of pests
- Good breeding programme/control of inbreeding
- Culling of diseased/unproductive/aggressive animals
- Sell at an appropriate age/adopt good marketing strategy
- Control disease/prevent disease outbreak/biosecurity/isolation of sick
- animals
- Administration of drugs
(ii) Management practices carried out on piglets from birth to weaning;
- Isolation of sick piglets
- Giving of iron injection
- Clipping of needle teeth
- Use of guard rails
- Allowing access to plenty of water
- Ensuring good sanitation
- Prevention of crushing/creep feeding
- Provision of veterinary care
- Provision of nutritious/balanced diet
- Fostering of orphaned piglets
- Proper identification of animals
- Provision of straw as bedding at early age
- Cutting of umbilical cord and apply a tincture of iodine
- Castration of males not required for breeding
- Clearing of mucous from the nostril
- Allowing access to colostrum/regular breastfeeding