a)(i) Explain the term monogastric.
(ii) Give two examples of monogastric animals.
(b) Explain each of the following terms as used in animal nutrition: (i) concentrate: (ii) additive.
(c) State four ways in which roughage is important in the diet of farm animals.
(d) List four materials which could be used in milking cow.
(e) Mention two animals each which could be fed on each of the following forms of prepared feed: (i) pellets: (ii) mash.
Explanation
(a) (i) Explanation of the Term Monogastric: A monogastric is a farm animal with simple stomach. They have simple digestive system. They can be herbivores or non-herbivores.
(ii) Examples of Monogastrics:
- pig
- rabbit
- horse
- poultry
- grasscutter
- donkey
(b) Explanation of terms;
(i) Concentrate: Are animal feeds that are high in nutrients but low in fibre. They are highly digestible. Could be protein or carbohydrate.
(ii) Additives: Substances added to feed in small quantities. They supply nutrients or non-nutrients. It could be in form of liquid/solid.
(c) Importance of Roughage in the Diet of Farm Animals:
- It provides bulk in animal feed.
- Enhances bowel movement.
- Prevents constipation by binding with feed.
- Serves as a source of energy in animals.
- Serves as substrate and habitat for microbes in animals.
(d) Materials used in Milking Cows:
- Milking machine.
- Milking chute/rope.
- Milk testing cup.
- Cheese cloth
- Milking pails/bucket
(e) Animals Fed on Prepared Feed:
(i) Pellets: Rabbits, Grasscutter, Poultry, Ruminant, Camel, Snails, Pig, Horse, Donkey, Guinea pig
(ii) Mash: Rabbits, Grass Cutter, Poultry, Ruminant, Camel, Snails, Pig, Horse, Donkey, Guinea Pig