(a). State two functions of each of the following reproductive hormones in livestock. (i) progesterone; (ii) androgen; (iii) oestrogen; (iv) luteinizing hormone
(b). Complete the table below.
| Common name | Botanical name | Type of forage |
| Elephant grass | (i): | Grass |
| Tropical kudzu | (ii): | Legume |
| Gliricidia | (iii): | (iv): |
| (v): | Andropogon gayanus | (vi): |
| (vii): | Centrosema molle | Legume |
| Leucaena | leucaena leucocephala | (viii): |
| Bahama grass | (ix) | Grass |
| (x) | Panicum maximum | Grass |
(c). Mention two methods of mating in animal production.
Explanation
(a) Functions of reproductive Hormones In Livestock: (i) Progesterone Ensures implantation of fertilized Ovum, - Maintains pregnancy. Inhibits Oestrus, - Causes the development of alveoli in the mammary gland. - Supports Tactation. - Supports thyroid function. (ii) Androgen -Initiates spermatogenesis. Responsible for the development of Male secondary sexual characteristics. - maintains Sex drive/libido. - Sustains the life of sperms in the epididymis. - Reduces fat deposition. -Enhances Muscular growth. -Promotes the growth of accessory sex glands. -Enhances Skeletal growth. (iii) Oestrogen - Stimulates growth of ducts in the udder.- Promotes egg production - induces rapid multiplication of epithelium in the vagina - Increases blood supply to uterus - increases the water content of uterus. - Prepares the uterus for reception of fertilized ovum. - Stimulates the development of female secondary sex characteristics.- Increases culinary activities and mucous secretion in the vagina. (iv) Luteinizing hormone -Causes rupture of Graafian follicle. - Stimulates release of ova. - Stimulates secretion of oestrogen and progesterone.
(b) Completion of table
| Common name | Botanical name | Type of forage |
| Elephant grass | i. Pennisetum purpureum | Grass |
| Tropical kudzu | ii. Pueraria phasedoides | Legume |
| Gliricidia | iii. Gliricidia sepium | Browse plant/legume |
| Gamba grass | Andropogon gayanus | Grass |
| Centrosema/Centro | Centrosema molle | Legume |
| Leucaena | leucaena leucocephala | Browse plant/legume |
| Bahama grass | Cynodon dactylon | Grass |
| Guinea grass | Panicum maximum | Grass |
(c) Methods of Natural mating in Animal production: Pen mating. - Flock mating/herd mating. - Hand/stud mating. - Pasture mating.