(a). Explain each of the following terms as used in livestock production. i. parasite; ii pest
(b). Name three: (i) ectoparasites of sheep; (ii) insect pests of sheep
(c). State four damages that could be caused by pests in cattle.
(d). Give six signs that could be observed in a sick rabbit.
Explanation
(a). Explanation of terms used in livestock production: PARASITES (i) Parasites are organisms that in fest livestock. -They can be ectoparasites or endoparasites. – They obtain nutrients from animals. – Causes damage to the animal/host. (ii). Pest: - Pests are organisms that attack animals, stored products, animals' products and farm structures. - They could be insect or non- insect pests. – They cause damage to farm produce. - They contaminate produce.
(b)(i). Ectoparasites of sheep. - Lice. -Ticks. - Mites. Sheep keds. Fleas. - Bugs. – (ii). Insect pests of sheep - Housely. – Blowfly. Tsetse fly. Soldier ants. Wool maggot/maggot. Botfly/warble flies. Sheep lices/lice. - Biting midges/mites. -Black flies. -Mosquitoes. – Stable fly.
(c) Damage caused by Pests in cattle - Storage of blood/anaemia. -Could lead to death. -Coma. - Unthirfiness/rough coat. - Transmits diseases/vectors of diseases/sickness. -Irritation.– Damage the hide/reduces the quality of hide. - Loss ofyield/produce. -Causes wounds. -Reduces market value.
(d) Signs that could be observed in a sick rabbit: - Isolation. - Loss of appetite/ anorexia. -Loss of weight/emaciation. Oozing of blood from natural openings. -Rough fur/coat. - Swelling ofthe joints. - Increase in body temperature. - Diarrhoea. - Blood-stained faeces. - Anaemia, - Ocular discharge,- Ear discharge. - Nasal discharge. Pneumonia. – Coughing/sneezing. - Excessive salivation. - Distended stomach.-Lameness. -Coma.- Dullness/ unthriftiness, - Low water intake. Constipation. difficult breathing. death. - weakness. - Wobbly gait/waddling gait. - Undue noise making. Abortion.-Alopccia/loss of hair.