(a) mention four caste found among termite nests
(b)(i) state one role of each caste to the colony.
(ii) mention two ways by which termites are of economic importance to man
(c)(i) mention two types of courtship behaviour in lower animals
(ii) state two importance of courtship behaviour in the reproduction of lower animals
(d) Describe briefly the courtship behaviour exhibited by Agama lizard
Explanation
(a) Castes found in termites are Queen, King, Soldiers, Workers, Winged reproductive
(b) (I) Role of each caste:
(1) Queen produces eggs/ egg laying/reproduction
(2) King fertilizes the eggs through mating with the queen
(3) Workers build/repair the termitarium/ the colony, search for/ store/collect /digest food, collect eggs, feed the nymphs/queen when too aged/necessary; clean the colony
(4) Soldiers protect the colony from enemies / defend the colony.
(5) Winged reproductive can become the future queen/future king or initiates a colony.
(ii) The economic importance of termites to man include:
(1) Destruction of crops, wood, furniture etc.
(2) Improves aeration of soil
(3) Edible/source of protein and revenue earning
(4) Helps to speed up decay processes and add manure to increase soil fertility.
(c)(i) Types of courtship behaviour in lower animals are: Dancing, Display, Singing/ croaking, Pairing, Nest-making, Seasonal migration, Territoriality, Production of odour by female to attract the male, Symbolic feeding of the female to attract the male.
(c) (ii) The importance of courtship behaviour in lower animals are:
(1) Prepares male and female for possible mating/pairing
(ii) Stimulates egg-laying and sperm release in the partners
(3) Enhances fertilization/reproduction.
(d) During courtship, the male Agama lizard establishes a territory and guards it from other males. The male displays its full colour which the female is attracted to and responds by assuming a soliciting posture by arching her back or bending down while lifting her tail up vertically.The male chases the female into the territory and grips her by the neck.