(a)(i) Briefly explain the term respiration.
(ii) Name the two types of respiration and write a balanced equation to summarize each of them.
(b) Outline the mechanisms involved in: (i) inhalation; (ii) exhalation in human beings
(a) What is a hormone?
(b) Outline the role played by adrenaline in an emergency situation.
(c) In a tabular form, list five differences between hormonal co-ordination and nervous co-ordination.
(d) Name three animal hormones and two plant hormones.
(a) Explain the term, conservation of natural resources.
(b)(i) List seven methods of soil conservation.
(ii) Name four other natural resources that may be conserved.
(c) State three factors which negatively affect conservation of forest in West Africa.
(d) Describe what happens during the denitrification stage of the nitrogen cycle.
(a) Write short notes on each of the following: (i) ecosystem; (ii) population; (iii) ecological succession in plants.
(b) List five ways by which nitrogen can be made available to the soil for plant growth.
(a(i) Describe three features of a typical vertebra.
(ii) Name three types of skeletons found in animals, and in each case name one animal which possesses it.
(b)(i) State four functions of the mammalian skeleton.
(ii) Name three types of skeletons found in animals, and in each case name one animal which possesses it.
(a)(i) List the functions of a typical foliage leaf.
(ii) Name three types of leaf modifications giving one example in each case.
(b) Make a diagram 8 – 10cm long, of the female reproductive part of a flowering plant and label fully.
(c) Name three plants that are pollinated by insects.
Which of the following orders correctly represents the trend in eutrophication?
- A. Lack of oxygen → Death of aquatic organisms → Massive algal growth
- B. Excess nitrates and phosphates → Massive algal growth → Lack of oxygen → Death of aquatic organisms
- C. Heavy mineralization → Lack of oxygen → Massive algal growth
- D. Excess nitrates and phosphates → Lack of oxygen → Massive algal growth → Death of aquatic organisms
The physical and chemical factors which affect the life of organisms in an environment are described as
- A. biotic
- B. edaphic
- C. abiotic
- D. physiographic
The ventricles of the mammalian heart have thicker
muscular walls than the auricles because the
- A. ventricles are larger
- B. ventricles receive more blood
- C. ventricles pump blood to longer distances
- D. auricles have smaller capacity
Which of the following vertebrae provide articulating surfaces for the ribs?
- A. Thoracic
- B. Lumbar
- C. Cervical
- D. Sacral
Which of the following vertebrae provide articulating surfaces for the ribs?
- A. Thoracic
- B. Lumbar
- C. Cervical
- D. Sacral
The long necks and legs of the present day giraffes were some of the basis of
- A. Darwins’ theory of evolution
- B. Mendel’s theory of inheritance
- C. Lamarck’s theory of evolution
- D. DeVries theory of evolution
Honey-Bee workers carry out the following functions except
- A. laying eggs
- B. building nests
- C. cleaning the nest
- D. gathering food
Courtship behaviour in animals may include all of the following except
- A. howling of a dog
- B. dancing of the worker bee
- C. croaking of a toad
- D. basking in the sun by a lizard
a pure breeding white cat (homozygous dominant) mates with a pure breeding black cat (recessive), what would be the fur colour of F1 generation
- A. Homozygous white
- B. Homozygous black
- C. Heterozygous white
- D. Heterozygous black
The haploid number of chromosomes in humans is
- A. 48
- B. 46
- C. 24
- D. 23
The contrasting pair of genes affecting a trait and located at the same position on homologous chromosomes is
referred to as
- A. chromatids
- B. mutants
- C. alleles
- D. chromatin
If a heterozygous red flowered plant, (Rr) was self-fertilized, the offspring would be expected to be
- A. all red flowered plants
- B. all white flowered plants
- C. red flowered, white flowered plants
- D. white flowered red flowered plants
The blood group in humans referred to as a universal recipient is
- A. o
- B. A
- C. B
- D. AB
Which of the following trait in humans is not a morphological variation?
- A. Height
- B. Shape of head
- C. Colour of skin
- D. Ability to roll the tongue
Variation is a factor which
- A. differentiates between individuals of the same species
- B. qualifies an organism to live with others
- C. enables organisms to adapt to the environment
- D. states the external features of an organism