(a) Write the chemical equation for each of the following processes:
(i) aerobic respiration
(ii) anaerobic respiration in plants
(iii) anaerobic respiration in animals.
(b) State four functions which the liver of a patient suffering from cancer of the liver will not be able to perform.
(c) Make a diagram 8 -10 cm long of a flame cell and label fully.
(d) Name one appropriate hormone each responsible for the following conditions in plants:
(i) ripening of fruits
(ii) breaking dormancy in seeds
(iii) weed control
(iv) leaf fall.
Explanation
(a) Chemical Equations for processes:
(i) Aerobic respiration C\(_6\)H\(_1\)\(_2\)O\(_6\) + 6O\(_6\)→ 6CO\(_2\) + 6H\(_2\)0 + 38ATP Energy/690k cal.
(ii) Anaerobic respiration in plants C\(_6\)H\(_1\)\(_2\)O\(_6\) --> 2C\(_2\)H\(_5\)OH + 2CO\(_2\) + 2ATP/Energy/50 k cal.
(iii) Anaerobic respiration in animals C\(_6\)H\(_1\)\(_2\)O\(_6\_) → 2CH\(_3\)CH(OH)COOH + 2ATP/Energy/150 k cal. C\(_6\)H\(_1\)\(_2\)O\(_6\) → 2C\(_3\)H\(_6\)O\(_3\) + 2ATP/Energy/150 k cal.
(b) A cancerous liver will not be able to: -
- regulate blood sugar
- carry out detoxication/deamination/regulation of blood proteins
- produce bile
- form red blood cells
- produce heat
- store vitamins
- regulate lipids
- manufacture protein
- store iron
- reserve blood.
Labels: Cell lumen, nucleus, basal granule, flagellum/cilium, excretory duct, excretory tubule, cytoplasmic process, vacuole
(d) Hormones responsible: -
- Ripening of fruit
- auxin/ethane/ ethylene/IAA
- Breaking of dormancy in seeds
- Auxin/ Gibberellins/cytokinins (kinta)
- Weed control
- Auxin/2,4
- D/ 2,4
- Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- Leaf fall
- Abscisic acid