Carefully study specimens J and K and answer questions 4(a) to 4(d).
(a) Name the type of refuse in specimens: (i) J (ii) K.
(b) List three animal vectors of disease causing organisms that breed on a each of specimens J ana K.
(ii) Name four diseases each caused by animal vectors associated with each or specimen J and K.
(c) Name one method of disposal of each of specimens J and K in: (i) rural areas (ii) urban areas.
(d)(i)State four effects of improper disposal of specimen K
(ii) In a tabular form. state five differences between specimens J and K.
(iii) outline one way in which specimen J is of importance to farmers.
Explanation
(a) Types of refuse: (i) Specimen J is a dry refuse/waste.
(ii) Specimen K is wet rey waste/sewage
(b)(i) Animals vectors that breed on specimen J:- Rat, Housefly, -Cockroach
Animal vectors that breed on specimen k Housefly: Blackfly; Female Aedes mosquito/female anopheles mosquito/mosquito; -Snail.
(ii) Diseases associated with specimen J. Typhoid, plague, dysentery, cholera, diarrhea.
(iii) Diseases associated with specimen K. Dysentery, diarrhea, cholera, typhoid, plague elephantiasis, yellow fever, malaria, ascaris infestation, Taenia, Bilharzia.
(c) Methods of disposal
(i) Rural area
Specimen J: refuse dumps/Throwing into bush;
Urban Area: Dumping into sea/Dumping Sites, Use of incinerator
(ii) Rural Area : Specimen K:Pit latrine
Throwing into backyard/bush
Urban Area:
Septic tank latrine
Bucket latrine/gutters
(d)(i) Effects of improper sewage disposal: - contamination of water bodies/water pollution, - offensive odor -source of diseases -soil pollution.
(iii) Differences:
|
Specimen J |
Specimen K |
|
Dry solid waste/contains little/no water |
Wet liquid waste/contain large proportion of water |
|
Can be Kept tor long period |
can not be kept for long period |
|
can be burnt |
can't be burnt |
|
Can be compacted/compressed |
Cannot be compacted/ compressed |
|
May not emit offensive odour |
Easily emits offensive odour |
|
Easily converted into organic manure |
Not converted into organic manure |
(iii) Importance of refuse to a farmer:- If buried it can be used as organic manure/enriches the soil.