(a) (i) Explain the term agglutination as used in blood transfusion.
(ii) The table below represents blood transfusion between blood donors and recipients.
| Donor | Recipient | ||||
| A | B | AB | O | ||
| A | |||||
| B | |||||
| AB | |||||
| O | + | ||||
(b) Explain how each of the following organisms are adapted for obtaining food.
(i) Mosquito larva
(ii) Dodder plant
(iii) Grasshopper
Explanation
(a)(i) Agglutination;
The clumping together; of antigens or red blood cells/RBC; with the corresponding antibodies in the plasma; of incompatible blood groups/wrong blood group.
(ii)
| Donor | Recipient | ||||
| A | B | AB | O | ||
| A | |||||
| B | |||||
| AB | |||||
| O | |||||
(b) How each of the following organisms are adapted for obtaining food
(i) Mosquito larva - Possess a pair of ciliated mouth brushes; for creating water current to carry water with food particle into the mouth; - Its mouth brushes; filter food out of water and sweep it into the mouth.
(ii) Dodder plant - Possess haustoria; for penetrating host plant tissue to obtain food/water
(iii) Grasshopper
- Possess mandibles/heavy toothed jaw-like structures; for cutting/crushing food/plant materials/vegetation
- Possess maxillae; for directing food to mandibles/cutting/grinding food
- Labrun; for holding food/ plant materials/vegetation
- Labium; for guiding foods/prevent it from falling off.