Study specimens C, D and E carefully and answer questions 1(a) to 1(C).
(a) (i) Name the phylum to which specimens C and E belong. (ii) State two reasons for the answer in 1(a)(i).
(b) State three observable structural differences between the following specimens. (i)C and D (ii) C and E.
(C) What is the relationship between specimens C and D?
(d)(i)) Name the habitat of specimen D. (ii) State two ways in which specimen D is adapted to its habitat.
(C) Make a drawing, 8cm – 10cm long of the dorsal view of specimen C and label fully.
Explanation
(a)(i) Phylum of specimens C / Butterfly and E / Grasshopper - Arthropoda
(ii) Reasons : Metameric segmentation / segmented bodies, jointed appendages, presence of chitinoud exoskeleton made of chittin, bilateral symmetry
(b) Differences:
|
C / Butterfly |
D / Caterpillar |
| wings are present |
wings are absent |
| proboscis present | mandibles present |
|
- proleg absent |
proleg present |
|
- legs are longer |
legs are shorter |
|
- claspers are absent |
claspers are present |
|
- has one pair of compound eyes |
has simple eyes |
|
- has antennae |
absence of antenna |
|
- Osmeterium absent |
- Osmeterium absent |
(ii) C and E
|
C(Butterfly) - |
E (Grasshopper) |
|
-presence of proboscis |
presence of mandibles |
|
clubbed/rounded/knobbed antennae |
not clubbed/rounded/knobbed antennae/tapering antennae |
|
-wing is membraneous/soft |
harder/less membraneous wings |
|
surface of wing is powdery/have Scales/eye spots |
surface of wing is not powdery absence of scales/eye spots |
|
-wings are pigmented/colourful |
wings have uniform colour green/brown |
|
hind limbs/legs smaller/shorter/less muscular |
hind limbs/legs/larger and elongated/ more muscular |
|
- abdomen is hairy |
abdomen is not hairy/smooth |
(c) Relationship between specimens C/Butterfly and D/caterpillar:
(i) C/Butterfly is the adult/imago of D/caterpillar:
(ii) D/Caterpillar is the larva/larva stage of C/Butterfly.
(d) (i) Habitat of specimen D/Caterpillar: Garden/citrus leaves/vegetables/leaves/fruits/green plant.
(ii) Ways in which Specimen D/Caterpillar is adapted to its habitat: (i) Mandibles; for chewing: (ii) It has three pairs of true legs with claws; for locomotion:
(iii) It has claspers; for attachment to vegetation/twig (IV) Presence of four pairs of proleg/false legs; for climbing:
(V) Its coloured pattern; enables it to blend with its environment/camouflage/escape predators: (VI) It has spiracles: for gaseous exchange;
(VI) It has Simple eyes; for vision; (Vii) Has osmeterium; as defense mechanism/which emits foul smell to scare away predators.
(e) Diagram/drawing of dorsal view of specimen C/Butterfly
