(a)(i) What is a deficiency disease?
(ii) Complete the table below by naming five nutrient deficiency diseases in humans and stating one remedy for each of the diseases.
(b) Outline a chemical test for (i) Starch in a tuber of yam (ii) Glucose in orange fruit
| Nutrient deficiency disease | Remedy |
Explanation
(a)(i) Deficiency Disease; This is a disease caused by lack of or insufficient or inadequate supply of a specific vitamin or other nutrients/food substances.
(a)(ii)
| Nutrient deficiency diseases | Remedy |
| Goitre/Goiter | Consumption of iodizes salt/sea food |
| Rickets | Consumption of a diet rich in calcium/phosphorous/vitamin D |
| Anaemia/Anemia | Eating a diet rich in iron |
| Kwashiokor | Diet of infant should contain protein |
| Scurvy | Consumption of foods/fruits rich in Vitamin C |
| Pellegra | Addition of naicin/vitamin K to diet |
| Night blindness | Consumption of food rich in Vitamin A |
| Beriberi | Consumption of food rich in vitamin B |
| Stunted growth/cretinism | Consumption of food rich in iodine |
| Marasmus | Consumption of protein and carbohydrate |
(b) Procedure of Chemical Test for;
(i) Starch in a tuber of yam; The tuber of yam is peeled and sliced, a few drops of iodine solution is added to the peeled yam, blue-black colour formed indicates presence of starch.
(ii) Glucose in orange fruit; Orange fruit is cut and it's juice is extracted into a beaker/test tube, few drops of Benedict's solution/Fehling's solutions A and B is added to equal volume of orange juice, add heat gently, a red/orange/brick-red precipitate shows the presence of glucose. For Benedict's solution when heated shows red/yellow precipitate confirming presence of glucose