Study specimen A, B and C and answer questiions 1(a) to 1(c). (a)(i) Name the part of the body where specimens A, B and C would be found in a mammal. A: _________ B: _________ C: __________
(ii) State one function each of specimens A, B and C. A: ________ B: _________ C: _________
(b)(i) Make a drawing , 6cm to 8cm long of the anterior view of specimen C and label fully. (ii) State one function each of four of the parts labelled in 1(b)(i).
(c)(i) Mention the total number of each of specimens A, B and C in adult humans . A: _________ B: _________ C: _________ (ii) Name two other vertebrae in humans.
Explanation
(a)(i) A: Neck region/neck B: Chest region/thoracic region/thorax C: Upper abdominal region/upper abdomen
(ii)A: Supports the head/head region - protects blood vessels - protects spinal cord - passage for blood vessel - passage fpr spinal cord - provides surface for attachment of neck muscles.
B: Provides point of attachment for chest muscles /articulates with rib bones - protects the/passage of spinal cord. C: Bears weight of the body - permits bending/sideways movement/rotation of the body - provides surface for attachment of muscles -protects the spinal cord/passage of spinal cord.
(b)(i)
(ii) Neural spine: for attachment of (abdominal and back ) muscles
Transverse process: For muscle attachment
Neural arch: For muscle attachment/protection of spinal cord
Centrum: Provides (mechanical) support
Neural canal: Encloses/Houses the spinal cord/passage for spinal cord.
(C)(i) A: Cervical vertebra (7) B: Thoracic vertebra (12) C: Lumbar vertebra (5)
(ii) Sacral/sacrum - caudal/coccyx