a.Complete the table below
| Element | Function in plants | Effect of deficiency in plants |
| Iron | ||
| Molybdenum | ||
| potassium | ||
| copper | ||
| nitrogen |
b.Name three classes of organic foods which are essential constituents in the diet of a mammal.
c.State two roles each of the following structures of the digestive system in humans:
i.buccal cavity ii, duodenum iii.stomach
d. Name the end product of adding dilute hydrochloric acid to sucrose
Explanation
a.
| Element | Function in plants | Effect of deficiency in plants |
| Iron | necessary for the synthesis of chlorophyl/protein |
Chlorosis/yellowing of leaves,poor growth |
| Molybdenum | Converts nitrogen to amino acids |
Stunted growth,pale leaves |
| potassium | Protein synthesis,formation of cell membrane,crop maturation/activates respiration,photosynthesis |
Premature death of plant/leaf margin turns yellow/brown; |
| copper | Activates enzymes for respiration,carbohydrate metabolism/photosynthesis |
Pale/wilted/spotted leaves |
| Nitrogen | Necessary for the formation of chlorophyll/amino acids/protein |
Poor/stunted growth,yellowing of leaves,poor flower formation |
b. -Carbohydrate;
-Protein;
-Lipids/fats and oil
-Vitamin.
c(i)-Takes in/receives food;
-Contains the teeth that chew/masticate the food;to increase the surface area of food particles;
-Contains salivary gland that secretes saliva that moistens the food;
-it also secretes the enzyme ptyalin which breaks down starch to maltose;
-Contains the tongue which tastes/rolls the food into bolus for swallowing.
c(ii). -Receives the food as chyme from the stomach;
-Receives pancreatic juice from pancreas
-Receives bile from the liver which reduces surface tension/emulsifies fats and oil;
-Contains amylase in pancreatic juice which hydrolyses starch to maltose;
-Contains trypsin which breaks down proteins to polypeptides;
-Contains lipase which breaks down fats and oil to carboxyl acid and glycerol;
-Provides large surface area for absorption of some digested food/vitamins and nutrients.
c(iii). -Temporarily stores food;
-Secretes dilute HCI/hydrochloric acid which destroys bacteria;
-Churns food;
-Contains enzymes which start the digestion of protein
d. Glucose and fructose are produced.