(a) Draw a labelled sketch of the laboratory set-up for dissolving hydrogen chloride acid.
(ii) Give one chemical test to distinguish between hydrochloric acid and ethanoic acid
(b) Outline a suitable laboratory procedure for obtaining a fairly pure sample of sodium chloride crystals from a solution of it that is contaminated with some methyl orange:
(c) Name one substance used in the laboratory for:
(i) drying ammonia gas,
(ii) testing for the presence of water;
(iii) converting copper (I) oxide to copper.
Explanation
(a)
| Test | Observation | Inference |
| Add AgNO\(_3\) soln to each sample separately |
White ppt. form No visible change |
Sample is HCl Sample is ethanoic |
(b) Add activated (animal) charcoal to remove the methyl orange Boil for sometime and filter. Evaporate filtrate to dryness (or evaporate to concentrate filtrate, Cool to crystallize, and dry between filter paper or desiccator.
(c)(i) Calcium oxide (Quicklime)
(ii) Anhydrous Copper (II) tetraoxosulphate (VI) or cobalt
(iii) - Hydrogen
- Carbon (I) oxide
- Ammonia
- Butane