Discuss the functions of a modern legislature.
Explanation
Functions of a modern legislature:
(i) Law-making: This is the major function of the legislature. This law making directs and helps to guarantee peace and stability of a country.
(ii) Amendment of the constitution: The legislature amends the constitution of a country when necessary.
(iii) Checking of the Executive: If the executive is ruling in excesses, the legislature can check such misrule.
(iv) Approval of Appointments: Ministerial or Ambassadorial appointments made by the President or Prime Minister is to be approved by the legislature.
(v) Control of Public income and expenditure: The legislature controls and approves the public income and expenditure, as proposed by the executive.
(vi) Avenue for public expression: The law-makers enjoy parliamentary immunity, giving them the privilege and opportunity to speak out for the people without any fear of prosecution
(vii) Ratification of treaties: Treaties entered into by different Heads of states have to be approved by the legislature.
(viii) Power of investigation: It has the power to set up panels to investigate the activities of other government departments.
(ix) Education and enlightenment: The citizens are educated and enlightened through different means e.g. debates.
(x) Removal of the President: In a presidential system of government e.g. American system, the President can be removed from office by the legislature through the process of impeachment
(xi) Removal of Judges: The legislature can recommend to the executive for the removal of any erring judge. (xii) Performing Judicial functions: In Britain, for example, the House of Lords, which is the upper House in parliament, also serves as court of appeal.
(xiii) Future leaders: The legislature is seen as the training ground for a country's future leaders.